Breast cancer basics every woman should know (Seolleung Station OB/GYN)

Hello, this is Blanc OB/GYN at Sinnonhyeon Station. Many people's hearts sink at the slightest lump felt in their breast. To get straight to the point, breast cancer is a disease that can be effectively managed if detected early, accurately diagnosed, and appropriately treated. The starting point for this is regular self-checks and periodic screenings.

Breast cancer is known as a relatively common cancer among women, and recently, its incidence has also been reported in women in their 30s and 40s. Concerns naturally grow when there's a family history or when changes like breast pain, lumps, or nipple discharge are noticed. Today, from a female doctor's perspective, we will calmly organize what breast cancer is, what factors and symptoms are associated with it, and how diagnosis and treatment proceed.

What is Breast Cancer?

Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that arises when abnormal cells in the breast tissue multiply uncontrollably. It is known to originate mostly in the ducts, which are the passages for milk, or in the lobules, which are the milk-producing tissues. If detection is delayed, it can spread to surrounding tissues, lymph nodes, or other organs, making early recognition of changes crucial.

Early breast cancer often presents with no distinct symptoms. Therefore, regular screenings are recommended regardless of symptoms.

What Causes Breast Cancer?

Breast cancer is reported to arise not from a single cause, but from the interplay of multiple factors. In clinical practice, simply being aware of one's own risk factors can help in planning screenings.

• Genetic factors are known to be associated with BRCA1, BRCA2 gene mutations, or a family history of breast cancer in direct relatives.
• Female hormone-related factors include prolonged exposure to estrogen, such as early menarche or late menopause.
• Lifestyle factors like frequent alcohol consumption, obesity, lack of exercise, and a high-fat diet can play a role.
• Age is also a factor, with the risk increasing as one gets older, especially after the age of 40.
• Other factors mentioned include dense breasts, a history of chest radiation therapy, and never having given birth or breastfed.

What Changes Warrant a Screening?

While there may be no symptoms in the early stages, if you notice any of the following changes, we recommend seeking confirmation through an OB/GYN or a breast specialist.

While such changes do not always indicate breast cancer, it is more reassuring to have them accurately confirmed through examination rather than self-diagnosis. If symptoms are ambiguous and you are hesitant, feel free to inquire through Consult first about which examination to receive.

How are Breast Cancer Screenings and Treatments Conducted?

Breast cancer treatment varies depending on the stage and type of cancer, as well as its hormone responsiveness. Often, multiple treatments are combined rather than using just one method. Typically, breast cancer surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and hormone therapy are combined as appropriate for the situation. Since early detection is reported to lead to better treatment outcomes, it is crucial not to postpone screenings.

At an OB/GYN clinic, you can receive an initial consultation and basic examination for breast changes, and if necessary, further detailed examinations or specialized referrals will be arranged. Regularly scheduling Well-Woman Checkups and planning check-ups during periods of significant hormonal changes, such as Menopause Care Checkups, can help you detect bodily changes earlier.

If You've Been Postponing Screenings, Now is a Good Starting Point

In a busy daily life, screenings are often easily postponed. However, breast health is an area where early detection holds significant value. If you are someone who has been postponing screenings, you can ease your burden and start with a simple general consultation.

Self-examination, performed once a month a few days after your period ends, by observing the shape in front of a mirror and gently feeling with your fingertips, is sufficiently meaningful. As you become familiar with it, you can more quickly notice changes that are different from your usual state.

Frequently Asked Questions

The most common questions heard in the clinic are about how often screenings should be done and whether pain indicates danger. The screening frequency varies depending on age, family history, and risk factors, so it's best to determine it according to individual circumstances. Also, breast pain does not necessarily mean breast cancer; it is often associated with hormonal changes. However, if the nature of the pain is different from usual or if a lump is also felt, confirmation is needed.

If you have any questions, feel free to ask through Consult about a screening plan tailored to my situation. We will help you find the appropriate screening time.

In Conclusion

Breast cancer is a disease that can be effectively managed with early detection, accurate diagnosis, and appropriate treatment. Regular screenings and consistent self-examination habits are the most fundamental ways for women to protect their own health. Blanc OB/GYN prioritizes women's health and is here to provide comfortable consultations whenever you are concerned about your breast health.

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Chief Director Lee Eun-jin (Samsung Medical Center OB/GYN major, Regular Member of the Korean Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Regular Member of the Korean Society of Menopause) Chief Director Lee Eun-jin's Profile First Published 2025-12-05 / Last Reviewed 2026-06-17

This article provides general medical information and may vary for individuals. For accurate diagnosis and treatment, please consult with an OB/GYN specialist.